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The 5 Phases of a Migraine

For those who have to live with migraines, the head pain may be the worst part of the condition, but it is by no means the only part. In fact, there are 5 distinct phases of a migraine, which aren't always easy to distinguish. Knowing what happens during each phase can help you better understand and manage your migraines.

Prodrome phase of a migraine

The first phase of a migraine, prodrome, comes before the actual migraine attack. It can take place hours or days before a migraine. During prodrome, people often experience changes in mood, appetite, energy level, bowel habits, sight, and speech. Think of these migraine symptoms as a series of warning signs that an attack may be on the way: when you become aware of them, you can be ready to treat your migraine at the first sign of migraine pain.

Aura phase of a migraine

Often mentioned as a migraine symptom, aura actually occurs in only 20% of all cases, usually before an attack (although it can happen during a migraine as well). During aura, people can see stars, specks, zigzag lines, and/or flashing lights in geometric patterns. Some people experience blind spots. Less common aura symptoms are confusion, slurred speech, tingling, and numbness or weakness in the arms or legs.

Head pain phase of a migraine

The actual head pain phase of a migraine generally lasts several hours, although it can last as long as 3 days. Migraines are typically marked by moderate to severe throbbing pain on one or both sides of the head, which may get worse when the migraine sufferer moves. Some people may experience pain or pressure in the back of the neck, or in the face around the eyes or sinuses. Migraines may also include symptoms such as sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine sufferers can experience varying combinations of symptoms during this phase with each attack.

Termination/Postdrome phase of a migraine

The last 2 phases, termination and postdrome, occur at the end of a migraine attack, and may overlap. These phases usually last from several hours to several days. As the pain subsides, it is common to feel drowsy, irritable, or nauseated. Many people feel as though they have a hangover — tired, sluggish, or even depressed. Some have trouble concentrating.

People often mistake the symptoms that they feel during the termination and postdrome phases for side effects of their migraine prescription medicine. In fact, these may be symptoms of the migraine itself. If you have any questions about your symptoms or your medicine, talk to your doctor.

Learn about TREXIMET, a prescription migraine treatment

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